基于ESU图的活动社交网络用户参加活动推荐

活动社交网络(EBSNs)为用户提供了方便的组织、参加和分享社交活动的平台。该文面向EBSNs活动推荐问题,提出了包含活动(Event)、主办方(Sponsor)和用户(User)的ESU图模型,深入揭示了EBSNs的实体及其社交关系。因为用户参加活动受多个因素影响,我们提出了基于ESU图的活动推荐多因素决策模型,包括社交影响力、活动内容、活动地点及活动时间。根据ESU图特点,提出了基于双向重启随机游走算法BD-RWR的实体重要度计算方法。选取真实的EBSNs平台—豆瓣同城验证所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明,该文提出的ESU图模型及融合了多因素的活动推荐模型,与已有最新方法相比,有效地提升了用户参加活动的推荐效果。     

一种新的多渐消因子容积卡尔曼滤波

将强跟踪思想引入容积卡尔曼滤波（cubature Kalman filter，CKF），建立强跟踪CKF能有效克服CKF在模型不确定、状态突变等情况下，滤波性能下降的问题。通过分析现有多渐消因子计算方法，发现它们均只利用了协方差矩阵的对角线元素，并没有考虑各个状态之间的相关性，不能充分发挥多渐消因子的优势。为此，本文提出渐消因子矩阵，基于正交原理推导渐消因子矩阵的求解方法，提出多渐消因子强跟踪CKF算法。多渐消因子强跟踪CKF算法突破了传统多渐消因子为向量的限制，也不再要求渐消因子取值要大于1。仿真验证了算法具有更好的滤波精度何鲁棒性，能更好的满足工程应用的要求。     

Reduced-order multiple observer for Takagi–Sugeno systems with unknown inputs

The paper discusses a niche area problem — the design of reduced-order multiple observers which can achieve the finite-time state reconstruction for Takagi–Sugeno multiple models with unknown inputs. The new reduced-order multiple observer obtained in this paper is only the second ever designed, the author of this paper continuing his work started one year ago with the introduction of the reduced-order multiple observer concept. The obtaining of the new reduced-order multiple observer is achieved by combining two classical reduced-order observers for linear time-invariant multivariable systems with unknown inputs and a full-order multiple observer for Takagi–Sugeno systems. The main innovative idea behind the design of the reduced-order multiple observer for Takagi–Sugeno systems described by the multiple models is the split of the multiple model into two subsystems: an unknown-input-free subsystem and an unknown-input-depending subsystem. The unknown-input-free subsystem is brought to the form of a standard multiple model and, in this situation, any algorithm to design full-order multiple observers can be used in the design of reduced-order multiple observers. The steps of the design procedure have been summarized and software implemented; then, the validation of the suggested algorithm has been done for two concrete cases associated to the motion of an aircraft during its landing     

靶面激光光斑尺寸原位测量的研究

提供了一种简便易行的靶面激光光斑尺寸原位测量的方法。从高斯光束的横向光强分布特性出发,建立了激光烧蚀斑半径与辐照激光能量、光斑尺寸、烧蚀阈值间的关系式,模拟分析发现辐照激光光斑尺寸对烧蚀斑半径随辐照能量变化曲线有较大影响。对于脉宽为2 ms,波长为1064 nm的激光,实验测量了不同能量激光辐照下相纸烧蚀斑半径,并用推导出的关系式拟合测量数据,获得了靶面处光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值。同时,也测量了不同位置处的光斑尺寸和样品烧蚀阈值,对高斯光束束腰位置和样品烧蚀阈值的光斑尺寸效应进行了验证。研究结果表明该技术结果可靠,简单高效。该技术可以为高能激光与固体物质相互作用的基础研究和激光加工等应用领域中实现简单方便地测量靶面光斑尺寸提供帮助。     

The influence of the waveguide on the quality of measurements with ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of geometric parameters of sound-conducting walls on the quality of measurement of liquid metal flow velocities by ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry. It was shown that the thickness and radius of a sound-conducting wall (waveguide) have a notable effect on the resulting velocity profiles. The flow in a round pipe, the length of which is much larger than its diameter, is considered as a reference flow. The positive effect of a stepwise waveguides with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the piezoelectric element of an ultrasonic transducer on the quality of velocity measurements was verified experimentally. It was found that the accuracy of the resulting velocity profiles largely depends on the length and the material of the waveguides, as well as the velocity of the incoming flow of liquid metal.     

Melting heat transfer analysis of electrically conducting nanofluid flow over an exponentially shrinking/stretching porous sheet with radiative heat flux under a magnetic field

Modern magnetic nanomaterial processing operations are progressing rapidly and require increasingly sophisticated mathematical models for their optimization. Stimulated by such developments, in this paper, a theoretical and computational study of a steady magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid over an exponentially stretching/shrinking permeable sheet with melting (phase change) and radiative heat transfer is presented. Besides, wall transpiration, that is, suction and blowing (injection), is included. This study deploys Buongiorno's nanofluid model, which simulates the effects of the Brownian motion and thermophoresis. The transport equations and boundary conditions are normalized via similarity transformations and appropriate variables, and the similarity solutions are shown to depend on the transpiration parameter. The emerging dimensionless nonlinear coupled ordinary differential boundary value problem is solved numerically with the Newton-Fehlberg iteration technique. Validation with special cases from the literature is included. The increase in the magnetic field, that is, the Hartmann number, is observed to elevate nanoparticle concentration and temperature, whereas it dampens the velocity. Higher values of the melting parameter consistently decelerate the boundary layer flow and suppress temperature and nanoparticle concentration. A higher radiative parameter strongly increases temperature (and thermal boundary layer thickness) and weakly accelerates the flow. The increase in the Brownian motion reduces nanoparticle concentrations, whereas a greater thermophoretic body force strongly enhances them. The Nusselt number and Sherwood number are observed to be decreased with an increasing Hartmann number, whereas they are elevated with a stronger wall suction and melting parameter.     

Oxy-fuel combustion of heavy oil based on OH - PLIF technique

Oxy-fuel combustion of heavy oil can be applied to oil field steam injection boilers, allowing the utilization of both heavy oil and CO₂ resources. This paper studied the local distribution characteristics of OH on oxy-fuel combustion of heavy oil during the ignition and stable combustion processes. During the ignition process, we observed the generation and evolution of fire kernel, and got the flame propagation velocity. During the stable combustion process, the results showed that the OH distribution and its relative signal intensity were influenced by the oxygen concentration, excess air coefficient, gas flow, reaction atmosphere, oil mist scattering, incident laser energy and laser sheet position. In the same reaction atmosphere, the ranges of OH dense distribution and the high temperature area increased as O₂ concentration increased. In the same O₂ concentration, both the ranges of OH dense distribution and the high temperature area in O₂/N₂ were larger than that in O₂/CO₂. In 29% O₂/71% CO₂, the flame shape was similar to combust in air, while the OH relative signal intensity and its volatility were much larger than that in air. In the same combustion condition, the location of high concentration of OH relative concentration field lagged behind the high temperature area. The results further reveal the differences between the conventional and oxy-fuel combustion.     

Steady MHD Casson Ohmic heating and viscous dissipative fluid flow past an infinite vertical porous plate in the presence of Soret,Hall, and ion‐slip current

In the present study, the influence of Hall and ion‐slip current on steady magnetohydrodynamics mixed convective, Ohmic heating, and viscous dissipative Casson fluid flow over an infinite vertical porous plate in the presence of Soret effect and chemical reaction are investigated. The modeling equations are transformed into dimensionless equations and then solved analytically through the multiple regular perturbation law. Computations are performed graphically to analyze the behavior of fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number on the vertical plate with the difference of emerging physical parameters. This study reflects that the incremental values of Casson fluid parameter and Schmidt number lead to reduction in velocity. However, fluid velocity rises due to enhancement of ion‐slip parameter but an opposite effect is observed in case of Hall parameter. In addition, the Sherwood number declines with enhancing dissimilar estimators of the chemical reaction, Schmidt number, as well as Soret number.     

Flow pattern identification and measurement techniques in gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow: A review

The simultaneous flow of gas, oil, and water forms various flow patterns due to the complex interfacial relationships. Three-phase flow patterns are classified as the gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flow patterns. Pressure drop, void fraction, liquid holdup, and phase distribution are important characteristics of the three-phase flow. These characteristics are generally associated with the three-phase flow patterns. Hence, the knowledge about flow patterns can help to predict the overall behavior of the three-phase flow. Studies have been conducted to identify three-phase flow pattern and their characteristics at various superficial velocities of gas, oil, and water. The major purpose of the studies is to gather information about the three-phase co-current flow and use it for improvement of the efficiency of the flow systems. Therefore, the accuracy of the measurement technique is critical. Several types of flow pattern identification and measurement techniques have been developed to improve accuracy and provide high-quality results. In this article, classical and advanced techniques used for the three-phase flow identification and measurement have been reviewed. The survey will help the researchers working in the area of multiphase flow to choose the right technique based on the objectives of the studies.     

A review on ultrasonic spot welding of copper alloys

As a solid state joining process, ultrasonic spot welding has been proven to be a promising technique for joining copper alloys. However, challenges still remain in employing ultrasonic spot welding to join copper alloys. This article comprehensively reviews the current state of ultrasonic spot welding of copper alloys with a number of critical issues including materials flow, plastic deformation, temperature distribution, vibration, relative motion, vertical displacement, interface friction coefficient, online monitoring technique, coupled with the macrostructure and microstructure, the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. In addition, the future trends in this field are provided.